How are non-plant elements in a landscape described?

Non-plant elements in a landscape are described as hardscape. This term refers to the solid structures that provide functionality and structure within the landscape, including elements like walkways, patios, walls, and other constructed features. Hardscape is essential for creating the framework of a landscape design, offering places for people to walk, sit, and engage with the outdoor space while adding visual interest and delineation.

The other terms do not accurately describe non-plant elements. Flora specifically refers to the plant life present in a region, while foliage pertains to the leaves of plants. Ornamentation, while it can include decorative elements, is typically associated with specific decorative features rather than the foundational structures that hardscaping provides.