What does successful soil amendment aim to achieve?

Successful soil amendment primarily aims to promote plant health and growth. This process involves enhancing soil fertility, structure, and biological activity, which directly correlates with the ability of plants to thrive. By adding organic matter or essential nutrients, soil amendments improve the availability of nutrients to plants, improving their overall health and vigor.

Enhancing the soil's physical properties, such as aeration and drainage, also helps roots to develop better and access water and nutrients more efficiently. In addition to nutrition, healthy soil supports beneficial microorganisms, which play a crucial role in nutrient cycling and disease suppression.

The other choices do not align with the objectives of soil amendment. For instance, increasing pest populations and reducing microbial activity in the soil contradicts the goal of fostering a healthy ecosystem that supports plant life. Similarly, limiting water retention would negatively impact plants, as adequate moisture is essential for growth. Therefore, the correct focus of successful soil amendment is on promoting plant health and growth.