What is the primary function of xylem in plants?

The primary function of xylem in plants is to conduct water and dissolved minerals from the roots to the leaves and other parts of the plant. This transport system is crucial for maintaining hydration and nutrient uptake, which are essential for photosynthesis, growth, and overall plant health. The xylem consists of specialized cells that facilitate this movement through a combination of capillary action, root pressure, and transpiration pull.

While the other functions mentioned—conducting photosynthesis, storing nutrients, and providing structural support—are important for plants, they are either functions of other types of tissues or involve different mechanisms. For example, phloem is responsible for transporting the products of photosynthesis, while parenchyma cells may store nutrients. Structural support is primarily provided by sclerenchyma cells and the overall architecture of the plant. Thus, the function of conducting water and dissolved minerals distinctly characterizes xylem.