What is the term for a change in the quality or condition of a water body due to external forces?

The term for a change in the quality or condition of a water body due to external forces is “degradation.” Degradation refers to the deterioration of the natural environment, including water bodies, often resulting from human activities such as industrial discharges, agricultural runoff, or urban development. This can manifest in various forms, such as decreased water clarity, increased nutrient levels leading to algal blooms, or alterations in aquatic habitats.

While "pollution" and "contamination" describe specific adverse conditions or substances that harm water quality, "degradation" encompasses a broader range of changes and can include factors beyond just harmful substances, such as physical alterations to the water body's ecosystem. "Impact," though relevant, is a more general term that does not specifically indicate a detrimental change in water quality. Understanding these nuances helps clarify why "degradation" is the most appropriate term in this context.